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CJS/225

CRITICAL THINKING IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE

The Latest Version A+ Study Guide

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CJS 225 Entire Course Link

http://www.onlinehelp123.com/cjs-225

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CJS 225 Wk 1 — Critical Thinking Elements Worksheet

Complete the Critical Thinking Elements Worksheet.

You may do this by downloading the worksheet and putting your answer under each question. Please do not forget to use APA citations in the body of your answer, and APA references under where it says to put your sources. As a favor to me, please double-space your answer.

Submit your assignment.

CJS 225 Wk 1 — Concept Check

1. Question 1

Which of the following is a subjective claim?

Staring at the sun will damage your eyes.

You shouldn’t buy that car because it is ugly.

On a baseball field, the center of the pitcher’s mound is 59 feet from home plate.

Pit vipers can strike a warm-blooded animal even when it is pitch dark.

2. Question 2

Which of the following is an objective claim?

Sailing is the most soothing activity.

Yellow is the most pleasant color to look at.

Jason has a great sense of style.

Driving while drowsy is dangerous.

3. Question 3

The first order of business when it comes to thinking critically about an issue is to:

Determine whether the issue is objective.

Determine exactly what the issue is.

Identify the premise of the issue.

Identify the conclusion of the issue.

4. Question 4

Which of the following is true of cognitive biases?

Show answer choices c

5. Question 5

The tendency to attach more weight to evidence that supports our viewpoint is known as:

Confirmation bias

Belief bias

Negativity bias

Availability bias

6. Question 6

In an argument, the word “so” indicates:

A conclusion

A premise

Sometimes a conclusion and sometimes a premise

An assumption

7. Question 7

For an argument to be sound, it must be:

Valid and strong

Deductive and strong

Valid and have true premises

Inductive and have true conclusions

8. Question 8

If we know that a valid argument has true premises, then the argument:

Must be sound

Might be sound

Is strong

Might have a false conclusion

9. Question 9

If we know that an argument is weak, then we know that the conclusion:

Is false

Is true

May or may not be true

10. Question 10

What type of argument is the following statement: The baseball team has never lost a match in its home ground. I am pretty sure they will win this match, too.

Inductive

Deductive

CJS 225 Wk 2 — Signature Assignment: Critical Thinking and Criminal Justice Careers

In Week 1, you learned about a few aspects of thinking critically. As you build your critical thinking skills each week, consider the different fields within criminal justice and how important critical thinking skill are for someone in that role.

The criminal justice field has many different career paths, positions, and departments and agencies. Some of the departments and agencies include the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS), National Institute of Justice (NIJ), and the National Institute of Corrections (NIC).

Research 2 agencies, departments, or bureaus that function in the field of criminal justice.

Select 1 position within each agency, department, or bureau that you selected so that you have 2 total roles selected.

Write a 700- to 1,050-word summary in which you address the following questions:

· What are the duties of the 2 roles you selected? Provide examples.

· How may vagueness, ambiguity, and generalities impact the effectiveness of the selected roles? Provide an example for each role.

· How is credibility necessary in the 2 roles you selected? Include examples to explain ways credibility can affect someone in each of these roles.

· How do individuals in the 2 selected roles use critical thinking? Provide situational examples.

Cite 2 references to support your assignment.

Format your paper according to APA guidelines.

Submit your assignment.

CJS 225 Wk 2 — Concept Check

1. Question 1

Classify the following: See that stuff up there? That’s plaque.

Definition by example

Definition by synonym

Analytical definition

2. Question 2

Classify the following: The Ojibwa are a tribe of Algonquian Indians from the Lake Superior region.

Definition by example

Definition by synonym

Analytical definition

3. Question 3

“Emotive meaning” refers to a term’s:

Denotation

Connotation

Literal meaning

Pejorative impact

4. Question 4

Connotation is usually:

Subjective

Objective

Neutral

Non-subjective

5. Question 5

A grouping ambiguity is:

A special kind of semantic ambiguity

A special kind of syntactic ambiguity

Neither a kind of semantic ambiguity, nor a kind of syntactic ambiguity

A structural vagueness

6. Question 6

If a claim conflicts with our background information, we give it low initial plausibility and lean toward rejecting it, unless very strong evidence can be produced on its behalf.

1. T

True

2. F

False

7. Question 7

If you have reason to believe that an expert is biased, you should reject that expert’s claim as false.

1. T

True

2. F

False

8. Question 8

You are rationally justified in accepting the view of the majority of experts in a given subject, even if this view turns out later to have been incorrect.

True

1. F

False

9. Question 9

The content and structure of Wikipedia are determined by its users.

True

1. F

False

10. Question 10

A pathos advertisement can provide people with information that can clinch their decision to make a purchase.

1. T

True

2. F

False

CJS 225 Wk 3 — Critical Thinking Skills Worksheet

Complete the Critical Thinking Skills Worksheet.

Submit your assignment.

Critical Thinking Skills Worksheet

In the field of criminal justice, you will need to understand the communication that occurs in the office, in the field, and with individuals you meet. You may be in position to interview someone responsible for criminal activity, to interview a victim who needs to explain what he or she encountered, or to understand a co-worker or supervisor as you transition into a different role. Different aspects of critical thinking will help you filter the communication and allow you to make good decisions.

Answer each question with at least 90 to 175 words.

Explain at least 2 examples of rhetorical devices (e.g., loaded questions, stereotypes, etc.). Why is it important to understand them in a criminal justice role?

Explain the relationship between rhetorical devices and persuasion. Provide an example of how someone might be persuaded by another using a rhetorical device.

Explain 2 relevance fallacies (e.g., straw man, false dilemma, etc.) you might encounter in criminal justice. How would recognizing these fallacies factor into your decision making?

CJS 225 Wk 3 — Concept Check

1. Question 1

Identify the rhetorical device that appears in the following passage: What explains the mad dash to distribute free condoms in our public schools? The misguided and ridiculous notion that kids are going to have sex no matter what.

Loaded question

Weasler

Downplayer

2. Question 2

Identify the rhetorical device that appears in the following passage: Moore and Parker are both getting a little thin on top.

Stereotype

Euphemism

Innuendo

3. Question 3

Identify the rhetorical device that appears in the following passage: Miracle X-K3 battery additive extends the life of your battery by up to 5 years.

Innuendo

Downplayer

Weaseler

4. Question 4

Identify the rhetorical device that appears in the following passage: “[The CIA] instructed security forces in Uruguay, demonstrating torture techniques on beggars taken off the street. These activities, and many hundreds more like them, have been thoroughly documented by government investigations, by the press, and by the testimony of former CIA employees.” — Progressive Student Union

Rhetorical definition

Proof surrogate

Repetition

5. Question 5

Recognize the rhetorical device that appears in the following passage: With her keen instinct for political survival on full alert, Governor Whitman suddenly saw the wisdom of the proposal that she had opposed for so many years.

Innuendo

Downplayer

Weaseler

6. Question 6

Identify any fallacies that appear in the following passage: “People in Hegins, Pennsylvania, hold an annual pigeon shoot in order to control the pigeon population and to raise money for the town. This year, the pigeon shoot was disrupted by animal rights activists who tried to release the pigeons from their cages. I can’t help but think these animal rights activists are the same people who believe in controlling the human population through the use of abortion. Yet, they recoil at a similar means of controlling pigeons. What rank hypocrisy.” — Rush Limbaugh

Straw man

False dilemma

Ad hominem

7. Question 7

Identify the false dilemma fallacy that appears in the following passage: You can’t say that he is uneducated. At what point does someone become educated?

Perfectionist fallacy

Line-drawing fallacy

False dilemma

8. Question 8

Identify any fallacies that appear in the following passage: The administration’s proposal to declare hundreds of thousands of acres of federal land as ‘roadless areas’ is a huge mistake, and I’m against it. The whole point of the proposal — and it will succeed if the President gets his way — is to lock the American people out of those areas.

Straw man

Ad hominem

Appeal to emotion

9. Question 9

Identify any fallacies that appear in the following passage: The police asked the neighbors on both sides of the Owens’s home whether they’d ever seen either of them do any drugs. They all agreed they hadn’t, so it’s a pretty safe bet they aren’t really drug users.

Irrelevant conclusion

Misplaced burden of proof

Straw man

10. Question 10

Identify any fallacies that appear in the following passage: You saw what the former governor of Illinois did: He declared a moratorium on executions in the state. It was a good thing, too, because it turns out that a large number of the inmates on death row had to be turned loose because DNA evidence proved them innocent beyond a shadow of a doubt. It’s about time we got serious about the fact that we’ve been convicting innocent people and sentencing them to death.

Misplaced burden of proof

Appeal to emotion

No fallacy

CJS 225 Wk 4 — Concept Check

1. Question 1

Identify the type of generalization fallacy that appears in the following passage:

Overheard: “You don’t think this country is in a slump? Get real. George here was laid off before Memorial Day, and Howie’s wife and a whole bunch of other people lost their jobs when the Safeway over on Jeffrey closed down. These are tough times.”

Accident

Hasty generalization

Exceptional cases

2. Question 2

Identify the type of fallacy that appears in the following passage: “Look, we make people buy liability car insurance, so there’s no reason to complain about making people buy liability insurance when they buy a gun.”

Weak analogy

Slippery slope

Mistaken appeal to authority

3. Question 3

Identify the type of fallacy that appears in the following passage: Evil spirits are making him sick.

Slippery slope

Hasty generalization

Untestable explanation

4. Question 4

Identify the type of fallacy that appears in the following passage: It was a mistake giving the Oscar to Daniel Day-Lewis. A survey the very next day showed more people thought Ben Affleck deserved it.

Show answer choices B

5. Question 5

Identify the type of fallacy that appears in the following passage: You start talking to these door-to-door missionaries, before you can blink they will be dragging you off to their church.”

Slippery slope

Hasty generalization

Weak analogy

6. Question 6

Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language that appear in the following passage: If you are rich, then your car is something like a Mercedes or a Bentley. Oh! Is that your Bentley, you rich old thing, you?

The undistributed middle

Denying the antecedent

Affirming the consequent

7. Question 7

Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language that appear in the following passage:

Mark: Jessica got low grades in this semester due to the recent demise of her father.

Judy: Oh, so now you’re trying to excuse her low grades?

Confusing explanations with excuses

Confusing contraries and contradictories

Consistency and inconsistency

8. Question 8

Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language that appear in the following passage: Of course, the girl was carrying binoculars! The witness said he saw her with binoculars.

Miscalculating probabilities

Amphiboly

Composition

9. Question 9

Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language that appear in the following passage: Professor Stooler wants to conserve clean air and water. If that doesn’t make him a Conservative, I don’t know what does.

Division

Confusing explanations with excuses

Equivocation

10. Question 10

Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language that appear in the following passage: This institution is well known for its liberal thinkers. Therefore, each person in this institution is a liberal thinker.

Composition

Division

Confusing contraries and contradictories

11. Question 11

Using Exercise 9–12 on page 276 of your text as an example, determine the truth value of the second claim (b) based on that given for the first claim (a).

a. Every editorial that Smathers has written has been one in which he attacks the city council. (True)

b. At least one of the editorials that has not attacked the city council was not written by Smathers.

1. T

True

2. F

False

12. Question 12

Using Exercise 9–12 on page 276 of your text as an example, determine the truth value of the second claim (b) based on that given for the first claim (a).

a. Some non-Xs are not Ys. (False)

b. No Xs are non-Ys.

1. T

True

2. F

False

13. Question 13

Using Exercise 9–12 on page 276 of your text as an example, determine the truth value of the second claim (b) based on that given for the first claim (a).

a. No Xs are non-Ys. (True)

b. Some Xs are Ys.

1. T

True

2. F

False

14. Question 14

Using Exercise 9–12 on page 276 of your text as an example, determine the truth value of the second claim (b) based on that given for the first claim (a).

a. Some non-Xs are not Ys. (False)

b. No Xs are non-Ys.

1. T

True

2. F

False

15. Question 15

Using Exercise 9–12 on page 276 of your text as an example, determine the truth value of the second claim (b) based on that given for the first claim (a).

a. British comedies are always more sophisticated than American comedies. (False)

b. Some comedies that are no more sophisticated than American comedies come from Britain.

1. T

True

2. F

False

CJS 225 Wk 5 — Signature Assignment: Technology, Critical Thinking, and Criminal Justice

Throughout this course, you have learned different techniques to help you strengthen your critical thinking skills and gain a better understanding about how they apply to the different roles and duties in the field of criminal justice. In this last assignment, you will research the use of technology in criminal justice and how it assists in problem solving.

Consider the following scenario for this assignment:

A federal law enforcement agency has outdated data collection methods, and much of it is done by using paper and storing it in file folders. Consequently, the agency has had a hard time solving crimes and working with other agencies. As a result, you have been hired as their consultant to implement technology and to convince the agency leaders that this is the best approach for the agency. The federal law enforcement agency’s director is excited to hear what you have to say and has asked you to write a report that she can share with the agency’s leadership team.

Research technology used for data collection, communication, and crime fighting.

Write a 700- to 1,050-word report for the agency’s leadership team in which you:

· Explain how technology can help the agency collect data, solve problems, and resolve complaints. Provide examples of technology that could be used, and how that technology would address the agency’s challenges.

· Explain how implementing technology would help improve the agency’s internal and external (i.e., with other agencies) communications. Provide examples that outline the technology that would bridge this gap.

· Identify ways that technology can aid in minimizing bias and generalizing. Provide at least 1 example of specific technology that could be applied.

· Describe how the use of technology would aid in tracking and referencing offenders. Provide examples and statistics.

Cite 2 sources to support your assignment.

Format your assignment according to APA guidelines.

Submit your assignment.

CJS 225 Wk 5 — Concept Check

1. Question 1

Is the following statement a physical causal explanation or behavioral causal explanation? “hey are not attending the concert because they are traveling that weekend.

Behavioral

Physical

2. Question 2

Rachael has been hired by Mane, a fitness company, to see if their new fitness program is an effective method of reducing weight. She recruits 500 overweight people between the ages of 45 to 60 years old and splits them into 2 groups at random. Group A consists of people who take part in Mane’s fitness program for 5 hours a week, while group B consists of people who will undertake cardio and weight training 5 times a week. Both groups are instructed to maintain a balanced diet during the course of the experiment. After 3 months, Rachael finds that group A members have lost 10 percent of body fat, while group B members have lost 3 percent of body fat.

Identify the target population.

Overweight people in general

Overweight people who participated in the study

Overweight people in group A

Overweight people in group B

3. Question 3

Identify the sample.

Overweight people in general

Overweight people in group A

Overweight people who participated in the study

Overweight people in group B

4. Question 4

The research category that best fits this study is a:

Prospective observational study

Randomized controlled experiment

Retrospective observational study

5. Question 5

If the claim, “Exercise reduces the risk of heart diseases,” is true, it implies that exercise would reduce the risk of heart disease in the majority of the individuals who undertake it.

1. T

True

2. F

False

6. Question 6

Immanuel Kant’s deontologism urges people to act in a way that produces the most happiness.

1. T

True

2. F

False

7. Question 7

In estimating the moral worth of what people do, utilitarianism seems to discount people’s intentions.

1. T

True

2. F

False

8. Question 8

Ethical egoism discounts one’s own happiness as of lesser value than the happiness of others.

1. T

True

2. F

False

9. Question 9

A moral imperative prescribes an action, not for the sake of some result, but simply because that action is our moral duty.

1. T

True

2. F

False

10. Question 10

According to utilitarianism, the idea that what is right and what is wrong are merely a matter of subjective opinion.

1. T

True

2. F

False

CJS 225 CJS225 cjs 225 Best Tutorials Guide — onlinehelp123.com

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